Integers

Move supports three unsigned integer types: u8, u64, and u128. Values of these types range from 0 to a maximum that depends on the size of the type.

Type	Value Range
Unsigned 8-bit integer, u8	0 to 28 - 1
Unsigned 64-bit integer, u64	0 to 264 - 1
Unsigned 128-bit integer, u128	0 to 2128 - 1

Literals

Literal values for these types are specified as a sequence of digits, e.g.,112. The type of the literal can optionally be added as a suffix, e.g., 112u8. If the type is not specified, the compiler will try to infer the type from the context where the literal is used. If the type cannot be inferred, it is assumed to be u64.

If a literal is too large for its specified (or inferred) size range, an error is reported.

Examples

// literals with explicit annotations;

let explicit_u8 = 1u8;

let explicit_u64 = 2u64;

let explicit_u128 = 3u128;

// literals with simple inference

let simple_u8: u8 = 1;

let simple_u64: u64 = 2;

let simple_u128: u128 = 3;

// literals with more complex inference

let complex_u8 = 1; // inferred: u8

// right hand argument to shift must be u8

let _unused = 10 << complex_u8;

let x: u8 = 0;

let complex_u8 = 2; // inferred: u8

// arguments to `+` must have the same type

let _unused = x + complex_u8;

let complex_u128 = 3; // inferred: u128

// inferred from function argument type

function_that_takes_u128(complex_u128);

Operations

Arithmetic

Each of these types supports the same set of checked arithmetic operations. For all of these operations, both arguments (the left and right side operands) must be of the same type. If you need to operate over values of different types, you will need to first perform a cast. Similarly, if you expect the result of the operation to be too large for the integer type, perform a cast to a larger size before performing the operation.

All arithmetic operations abort instead of behaving in a way that mathematical integers would not (e.g., overflow, underflow, divide-by-zero).

Syntax	Operation	Aborts If
+	addition	Result is too large for the integer type
-	subtraction	Result is less than zero
*	multiplication	Result is too large for the integer type
%	modular division	The divisor is 0
/	truncating division	The divisor is 0

Bitwise

The integer types support the following bitwise operations that treat each number as a series of individual bits, either 0 or 1, instead of as numerical integer values.

Bitwise operations do not abort.

Syntax	Operation	Description
&	bitwise and	Performs a boolean and for each bit pairwise
`	`	bitwise or
^	bitwise xor	Performs a boolean exclusive or for each bit pairwise

Bit Shifts

Similar to the bitwise operations, each integer type supports bit shifts. But unlike the other operations, the righthand side operand (how many bits to shift by) must always be a u8 and need not match the left side operand (the number you are shifting).

Bit shifts can abort if the number of bits to shift by is greater than or equal to 8, 64, or 128 for u8, u64, and u128 respectively.

Syntax	Operation	Aborts if
<<	shift left	Number of bits to shift by is greater than the size of the integer type
>>	shift right	Number of bits to shift by is greater than the size of the integer type

Comparisons

Integer types are the only types in Move that can use the comparison operators. Both arguments need to be of the same type. If you need to compare integers of different types, you will need to cast one of them first.

Comparison operations do not abort.

Syntax	Operation
<	less than
>	greater than
<=	less than or equal to
>=	greater than or equal to

Equality

Like all copyable types in Move, all integer types support the "equal" and "not equal" operations. Both arguments need to be of the same type. If you need to compare integers of different types, you will need to cast one of them first.

Equality operations do not abort.

Syntax	Operation
==	equal
!=	not equal

Casting

Integer types of one size can be cast to integer types of another size. Integers are the only types in Move that support casting.

Casts do not truncate. Casting will abort if the result is too large for the specified type

Syntax	Operation	Aborts if
(e as T)	Cast integer expression e into an integer type T	e is too large to represent as a T

Here, the type of e must be u8, u64, or u128 and T must be u8, u64, or u128.

For example:

• (x as u8)
• (2u8 as u64)
• (1 + 3 as u128)

Ownership

As with the other builtin scalar types, integer values are implicitly copyable, meaning they can be copied without an explicit instruction such as copy.